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Isham Green Harris (February 10, 1818July 8, 1897) was an American politician who served as Governor of Tennessee from 1857 to 1862, and as a U.S. Senator from 1877 until his death. He was the state's first governor from West Tennessee. A pivotal figure in the state's history, Harris was considered by his contemporaries the person most responsible for leading Tennessee out of the Union and aligning it with the Confederacy during the Civil War.〔Allan Nevins, ''Grover Cleveland: A Study in Courage'' (New York: Dodd, Mead, 1934), pp. 194, 256, 543-546, 576.〕〔Philip Hamer, ''Tennessee: A History, 1673-1932'' (New York: American Historical Society, Inc., 1933), pp. 508, 513–514, 527–528, 534, 539–546, 554, 591, 639.〕〔Oliver Perry Temple, ''(Notable Men of Tennessee )'' (New York: The Cosmopolitan Press, 1912), p. 337.〕 Harris rose to prominence in state politics in the late 1840s when he campaigned against the anti-slavery initiatives of northern Whigs. He was elected governor amidst rising sectional strife in the late 1850s, and following the election of Abraham Lincoln in 1860, persistently sought to sever the state's ties with the Union. His war-time efforts eventually raised over 100,000 soldiers for the Confederate cause. After the Union Army gained control of Middle and West Tennessee in 1862, Harris spent the remainder of the war on the staffs of various Confederate generals. Following the war, he spent several years in exile in Mexico and England.〔Leonard Schlup, "(Isham Green Harris )," ''Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture'', 2009. Retrieved: 5 October 2012.〕 After returning to Tennessee, Harris became a leader of the state's Bourbon Democrats. During his tenure in the U. S. Senate, he championed states' rights and currency expansion. As the Senate's president pro tempore in the 1890s, Harris led the charge against President Grover Cleveland's attempts to repeal the Sherman Silver Purchase Act.〔Leonard Schlup, "(Isham Green Harris )," ''Historical Dictionary of the Gilded Age'' (New York: M. E. Sharpe, 2003), pp. 216–217.〕 ==Early life and career== Harris was born in Franklin County, Tennessee near Tullahoma.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Profile for La Palma, California, CA )〕 He was the ninth child of Isham Green Harris, a farmer and Methodist minister, and his wife Lucy Davidson Harris. His parents had moved from North Carolina to Middle Tennessee in 1806. He was educated at Carrick Academy in Winchester, Tennessee, until he was fourteen. He moved to Paris, Tennessee, where he joined up with his brother William, an attorney, and became a store clerk. In 1838, with funds provided by his brother, Harris established his own business in Ripley, Mississippi, an area that had only been recently opened to settlers after a treaty with the Chickasaw Indians.〔Hall (1985) p.185. Elliott (2009) Chapter 1 kindle location 222–279.〕 While in Ripley, Harris studied law. He sold his successful business three years later for $7,000 and returned to Paris where he continued studying law under Judge Andrew McCampbell. On May 3, 1841, he was admitted to the bar in Henry County and began a lucrative practice in Paris. He was considered one of the leading criminal attorneys in the state. On July 6, 1843, Harris married Martha Mariah Travis (nicknamed "Crockett"), the daughter of Major Edward Travis, a War of 1812 veteran. The couple had seven sons. By 1850 the family had a farm and a home in Paris. By 1860 their total property was worth $45,000 and included twenty slaves and a plantation in Shelby County.〔Hall (1985) p.185. Elliott (2009) Chapter 1 kindle location 300–333.〕 In 1847, Henry County Democrats convinced Harris to run for the district's Tennessee Senate seat in hopes of countering a strong campaign by local Whig politician William Hubbard. Anti-war comments made in August by the district's Whig congressional candidate, William T. Haskell, damaged Hubbard's campaign, and he quit the race. Harris easily defeated the last minute Whig replacement, Joseph Roerlhoe.〔 Shortly after taking his seat, he sponsored a resolution condemning the Wilmot Proviso, which would have banned slavery in territories acquired during the Mexican–American War.〔Sam Davis Elliott, ''(Isham G. Harris: Confederate Governor and United States Senator of Tennessee )'' (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2010), pp. 15–19.〕 In 1848, Harris was an elector for unsuccessful presidential candidate Lewis Cass. In May of that year, he engaged in a six-hour debate in Clarksville with Aaron Goodrich, elector for Zachary Taylor.〔 Harris was nominated as the Democratic candidate for the state's 9th District seat in the U.S. House of Representatives in 1849. After successfully tying his opponent to unpopular positions of the national Whig Party, Harris won the election easily.〔 He spent much of his term attacking the Compromise of 1850, though he also chaired the House Committee on Invalid Pensions.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=HARRIS, Isham Green, (1818–1897) )〕 Harris was reelected to a second term, but after Whigs gained control of the state legislature in 1851, his district was gerrymandered, and he did not seek a third term.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Isham G. Harris」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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